ERPNext 16 Manual Installation Guide on Ubuntu 24.04

This knowledgebase shows how to install ERPNext 16 manually on Ubuntu 24.04 using the same working flow you adapted in your automation. It also shows how to attach one domain or multiple domains after installation.

Scope: Ubuntu 24.04, ERPNext 16, Frappe Bench installed with uv, Node 24 with nvm, MariaDB, Redis, Supervisor, Nginx, and HTTPS with Certbot.

1. Example values used in this guide

Item	Example
Frappe user	`frappe`
Main site/domain	`erp.example.com`
Additional domains	`erp2.example.com`, `erp.customer.co.za`
Admin password	`StrongAdminPasswordHere`
MariaDB root password	`StrongDbRootPasswordHere`
ERPNext branch	`version-16`
Let's Encrypt email	`admin@example.com`

2. Prepare the server

2.1 Update packages

sudo apt update
sudo apt -y upgrade

2.2 Install base packages

sudo apt install -y \
  git curl dirmngr apt-transport-https software-properties-common \
  mariadb-server mariadb-client redis-server supervisor nginx \
  python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-venv \
  pkg-config xvfb fontconfig libmysqlclient-dev \
  snapd

Use fontconfig, not libfontconfig, on Ubuntu 24.04.

2.3 Start and enable core services

sudo systemctl enable --now mariadb
sudo systemctl enable --now redis-server
sudo systemctl enable --now nginx
sudo systemctl enable --now supervisor

3. Secure and tune MariaDB

3.1 Set root password and remove defaults

sudo mysql

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD('StrongDbRootPasswordHere');
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host='%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

3.2 Save root credentials locally

sudo bash -c 'cat > /root/.my.cnf <

3.3 Enable utf8mb4

sudo bash -c 'cat >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf < /etc/mysql/conf.d/frappe.cnf <

4. Create the Frappe user

sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash frappe
sudo usermod -aG sudo frappe
sudo passwd frappe

4.1 Allow Supervisor control without password

echo 'frappe ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/supervisorctl' | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/frappe-supervisor
sudo chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/frappe-supervisor
sudo visudo -cf /etc/sudoers.d/frappe-supervisor

5. Install Node 24 and Yarn as the frappe user

sudo -iu frappe
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/master/install.sh | bash
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"

nvm install 24
nvm alias default 24
nvm use 24
npm install -g yarn

command -v node
command -v npm
command -v yarn
node -v
npm -v
yarn -v

6. Install Certbot from snap

sudo apt remove -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx python3-certbot-apache || true
sudo snap install --classic certbot
sudo ln -sf /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot

7. Install uv and Bench

sudo -iu frappe

curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"

uv python install 3.14 --default
uv tool install frappe-bench

command -v uv
command -v bench
python3 --version
bench --version

8. Initialize Bench

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~
bench init --skip-redis-config-generation --frappe-branch version-16 frappe-bench

If Bench warns during init that it cannot connect to Redis for assets updates, that can still be acceptable at this stage if init completes successfully.

9. Install wkhtmltopdf

cd /tmp
wget https://github.com/wkhtmltopdf/packaging/releases/download/0.12.6.1-2/wkhtmltox_0.12.6.1-2.jammy_amd64.deb
sudo apt install -y ./wkhtmltox_0.12.6.1-2.jammy_amd64.deb

10. Create the site

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench
bench new-site erp.example.com --admin-password StrongAdminPasswordHere --db-root-password StrongDbRootPasswordHere

This guide follows your current working pattern where the Bench site name is the public domain. You can also use an internal site name and then attach public domains later.

11. Point Bench to system Redis

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench
bench set-config -g redis_queue    "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1"
bench set-config -g redis_cache    "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2"
bench set-config -g redis_socketio "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/3"

12. Set up production services

export PATH="/home/frappe/.local/bin:$PATH"
cd /home/frappe/frappe-bench
yes | sudo env "PATH=$PATH" bench setup production frappe

12.1 Link Supervisor config and reload

sudo ln -sf /home/frappe/frappe-bench/config/supervisor.conf /etc/supervisor/conf.d/frappe-bench.conf

sudo supervisorctl reread
sudo supervisorctl update
sudo supervisorctl restart all
sudo supervisorctl status

12.2 Restart Bench

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench
bench restart

13. Get and install ERPNext apps

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench

bench get-app --branch version-16 erpnext
bench get-app --branch version-16 hrms
bench get-app --branch version-16 payments
bench get-app --branch version-16 education

bench --site erp.example.com install-app erpnext
bench --site erp.example.com install-app hrms
bench --site erp.example.com install-app payments
bench --site erp.example.com install-app education

The lending app was excluded because its repository branching did not match the ERPNext 16 branch flow you were using.

14. Enable scheduler and disable maintenance mode

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench
bench --site erp.example.com enable-scheduler
bench --site erp.example.com set-maintenance-mode off

15. Add one or multiple domains

15.1 Enable DNS multitenancy

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench
bench config dns_multitenant on

15.2 Add the primary domain

bench setup add-domain erp.example.com --site erp.example.com

15.3 Add extra domains to the same site

You can point multiple domains or aliases to the same site by repeating bench setup add-domain.

bench setup add-domain www.erp.example.com --site erp.example.com
bench setup add-domain erp2.example.com --site erp.example.com
bench setup add-domain erp.customer.co.za --site erp.example.com

All the domains above can point to the same ERPNext site as long as DNS for each domain resolves to the server and nginx is regenerated afterward.

16. Rebuild nginx for the domain(s)

sudo -iu frappe
export HOME=/home/frappe
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm use 24
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(npm bin -g):$PATH"

cd ~/frappe-bench
yes | bench setup nginx

17. Fix nginx log format for Bench-generated config

Bench-generated nginx config may reference log format main. Ensure nginx defines it globally.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Add this inside the http { ... } block:

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

18. Validate nginx and install HTTPS with Certbot

sudo nginx -t
sudo certbot --nginx -d erp.example.com --non-interactive --agree-tos -m admin@example.com

18.1 If you have multiple domains

You can request a certificate for multiple names in one command:

sudo certbot --nginx \
  -d erp.example.com \
  -d www.erp.example.com \
  -d erp2.example.com \
  -d erp.customer.co.za \
  --non-interactive --agree-tos -m admin@example.com

Every domain in the Certbot command must already resolve to the server publicly before Let's Encrypt can validate it.

19. Confirm service health

sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl status nginx --no-pager
sudo systemctl status supervisor --no-pager
sudo systemctl status redis-server --no-pager
sudo systemctl status mariadb --no-pager

sudo supervisorctl status

20. Useful Bench checks

sudo -iu frappe
cd ~/frappe-bench

bench --site erp.example.com list-apps
bench doctor
bench version

21. Final access

After successful completion, your ERPNext instance should be available at:

https://erp.example.com

Default login user:

Administrator

22. Troubleshooting notes

If bench init fails on missing yarn, make sure the shell loads nvm, runs nvm use 24, and has global npm binaries in PATH.
If bench get-app fails on rerun because a directory already exists, skip that app or remove the existing app directory first.
If Certbot fails with nginx plugin errors, run sudo nginx -t first and fix nginx before retrying Certbot.
If nginx reports unknown log format "main", add the global log_format main block shown above.
If a site was created with an IP address instead of a domain, check what value was actually passed into site_name.

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ERPNext v16

ERPNext 16 Manual Installation Guide on Ubuntu 24.04

1. Example values used in this guide

2. Prepare the server

2.1 Update packages

2.2 Install base packages

2.3 Start and enable core services

3. Secure and tune MariaDB

3.1 Set root password and remove defaults

3.2 Save root credentials locally

3.3 Enable utf8mb4

4. Create the Frappe user

4.1 Allow Supervisor control without password

5. Install Node 24 and Yarn as the frappe user

6. Install Certbot from snap

7. Install uv and Bench

8. Initialize Bench

9. Install wkhtmltopdf

10. Create the site

11. Point Bench to system Redis

12. Set up production services

12.1 Link Supervisor config and reload

12.2 Restart Bench

13. Get and install ERPNext apps

14. Enable scheduler and disable maintenance mode

15. Add one or multiple domains

15.1 Enable DNS multitenancy

15.2 Add the primary domain

15.3 Add extra domains to the same site

16. Rebuild nginx for the domain(s)

17. Fix nginx log format for Bench-generated config

18. Validate nginx and install HTTPS with Certbot

18.1 If you have multiple domains

19. Confirm service health

20. Useful Bench checks

21. Final access

22. Troubleshooting notes

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